To simulate a Flat Topology within OPNET has needs to follow a series of steps that contain to make a network in which all nodes contains a same role and they are associated within a non-hierarchical structure. This configuration is general in ad hoc networks, peer-to-peer networks, and sensor networks, in which every node directly interact or via peer nodes without a central control structure. Given below is a detailed approach to simulate a flat topology in OPNET:
Steps to Simulate Flat Topology Projects in OPNET
Step 1: Set Up the OPNET Environment
- Open OPNET Modeler: Make a new project in OPNET Modeler.
- Create a New Network: Choose New Network then name it to the project, and according to the type of flat topology, select a Wireless or Wired situation we need to replicate. Wireless is frequently utilized for sensor or ad hoc networks, whereas Wired is appropriate for flat LAN configurations.
Step 2: Arrange Nodes in a Flat Structure
- Select Nodes: Choose nodes suitable for the network like workstations, wireless nodes, routers, or sensors in the object palette.
- Place Nodes Evenly Across the Workspace: Allocate nodes without any hierarchical pattern or centralized hub, within the workspace to distribute them. This configuration makes a structure in which each node can be interacted with others directly or via adjacent nodes.
- Directly associate each node to others utilizing point-to-point links, or set up them using shared media if replicated a bus structure for wired flat networks.
- For wireless flat networks, make sure each node is in the interaction range of minimum one or more peer nodes.
Step 3: Configure Link and Node Parameters
- Set Link Parameters (if wired):
- Set up each link’s data rate, latency, and error rate replicating the real-world network conditions. If we are utilizing a bus structure then set the bus link to signify shared access.
- Configure Node Parameters:
- Allocate each node that able to transmit and obtaining data independently, without depending on a central controller. Set up transmission power, frequency, and antenna range in wireless networks, making sure that each node can interact in the flat structure.
- Select a suitable routing protocol for peer interaction like AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), or other peer-to-peer or ad hoc protocols if obtainable.
Step 4: Define Applications and Traffic Profiles
- Configure Applications:
- Configure applications replicating the network traffic normal for flat topologies like file sharing, VoIP, real-time data streaming, and peer-to-peer communication in the Application Config editor.
- Assign Traffic Profiles:
- Allocate these applications to nodes utilizing the Profile Config editor. Flat topologies are frequently decentralized extremely, thus give traffic patterns, which permit each node performing independently or within a peer-to-peer manner.
Step 5: Configure and Run the Simulation
- Simulation Configuration:
- Configure the simulation duration, and then set up any more parameters in the Simulation tab.
- If flat topology is wireless then set node mobility (optional) replicating the nodes travelling in and beyond the range that particularly for ad hoc or sensor network configurations.
- Select Performance Metrics:
- Select performance parameters, which deliberate the performance of flat network like throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, link utilization, and average latency. These metrics are necessary to knowing on how effectively the network functions without centralized control.
- Run the Simulation:
- Execute the simulation then we monitor how data is directly sent among nodes or via adjacent nodes. Every node should perform equally such as data handling and sending responsibilities in a flat topology.
Step 6: Analyze Results
- Review Collected Data:
- Analyze significant parameters such as latency, throughput, routing overhead, and packet delivery ratio utilizing OPNET’s analysis tools. Flat topologies depend on effective peer-to-peer interaction thus these metrics are vital for estimating the performance.
- Identify Bottlenecks and Optimize:
- Examine any delays or bottlenecks and create modifications if required. We need to test with diverse transmission ranges, data rates, or routing protocols enhancing the performance that specifically within wireless flat topologies.
By using the OPNET tool, we had illustrated the basic approach for Flat Topology projects that were simulated and examined. Further details will be provided later as requested. Experts at phdprime.com help you set up ad hoc networks, peer-to-peer networks, and sensor networks for your projects. We will provide excellent simulation guidance with easy-to-follow steps and clear explanations.
