How to Simulate Static Routing Projects Using MATLAB

To simulate Static Routing in MATLAB, we can configure a network in which each router has predefined routes which do not vary, nevertheless of network criteria. In static routing, each node utilizes fixed routing tables to send packets to their destinations that shorten routing however it lacks adaptability to network variation.

Here’s a structured approach to simulating static routing in MATLAB.

Steps to Simulate Static Routing in MATLAB

1. Define Network Topology:
   • Signify the network topology with an adjacency matrix or a graph object.
   • Each node signifies a router, and each link among nodes has a weight such as denoting distance or cost.
2. Set Up Static Routing Tables:
   • Each node has a static routing table including the next-hop information for attainment every other node in the network.
   • Utilize Dijkstra’s algorithm to estimate the shortest paths initially and store these paths by the way of static routes.
3. Implement Packet Forwarding:
   • Packets are transmitting based on the static routing tables.
   • While the routes are stable, packet forwarding does not adjust to any changes, and packets follow the same path every time.
4. Simulate Packet Transmission:
   • Describe packets with origin and destination nodes.
   • Route packets via the network in terms of static routing tables and log the path taken.
5. Visualize and Analyse Results:
   • Plot the network topology and paths taken by packets.
   • Observe parameters such as hop count and end-to-end delay to measure the performance of static routing.

Example Code Outline

Here’s an instance code describe to replicate static routing in MATLAB:

% define network topology as an adjacency matrix with link weights

adjMatrix = [

0 2 0 0 7;

2 0 3 8 0;

0 3 0 1 6;

0 8 1 0 4;

7 0 6 4 0

];

numNodes = size(adjMatrix, 1);

% Function to compute shortest path using Dijkstra’s algorithm

function [dist, prev] = dijkstra(adjMatrix, source)

numNodes = size(adjMatrix, 1);

dist = inf(1, numNodes);  % Distance from source to each node

dist(source) = 0;

visited = false(1, numNodes);

prev = NaN(1, numNodes);   % Previous node in optimal path from source

for i = 1:numNodes

% Find the unvisited node with the smallest distance

[~, u] = min(dist + visited * inf);

visited(u) = true;

% Update distances to neighboring nodes

for v = 1:numNodes

if adjMatrix(u, v) > 0 && ~visited(v)  % Check for edge and if unvisited

alt = dist(u) + adjMatrix(u, v);

if alt < dist(v)

dist(v) = alt;

prev(v) = u;

end

end

end

end

end

% Set up static routing tables for each node

routingTables = cell(numNodes, 1);

for source = 1:numNodes

[~, prev] = dijkstra(adjMatrix, source);

routingTables{source} = prev;  % Store the previous node for each shortest path

end

% Display routing tables for all nodes

disp(‘Static Routing Tables:’);

for i = 1:numNodes

disp([‘Routing table for node ‘, num2str(i), ‘:’]);

disp(routingTables{i});

end

% Function to simulate packet forwarding using static routing tables

function forwardPacket(src, dest, routingTables)

current = src;

path = [current];

while current ~= dest

nextHop = routingTables{current}(dest);

if isnan(nextHop)

disp(‘No path available.’);

return;

end

path = [path, nextHop];

current = nextHop;

end

disp([‘Packet path from ‘, num2str(src), ‘ to ‘, num2str(dest), ‘: ‘, num2str(path)]);

end

% Test packet forwarding using static routing

srcNode = 1;

destNode = 5;

disp(‘— Packet Transmission —‘);

forwardPacket(srcNode, destNode, routingTables);

Explanation of the Code

• Network Topology: The adjacency matrix describes the network, with nodes demonstrating routers and non-zero weights designating links.
• Dijkstra’s Algorithm: The dijkstra function estimates the shortest path from an origin node to all other nodes. The function returns a prev array that is utilized to reconstruct the shortest paths.
• Static Routing Table Setup: Usage of Dijkstra’s algorithm, each node’s routing table is precomputed and kept by way of a prev array which signify the next hop for attainment each destination.
• Packet Forwarding: The forwardPacket function transmits packets beside the static route in the routing table, logging the path taken from the origin to the destination.

Visualization and Analysis

To evaluate and envision static routing:

• Network Visualization: Utilize MATLAB’s graph and plot functions to show nodes, links, and paths taken by packets.
• Performance Metrics: Log parameters such as hop count, end-to-end delay, and path length to measure static routing performance.

Extending the Simulation

For a more comprehensive static routing simulation:

• Multi-Path Routing: Recomputed multiple static routes for redundancy and utilize diverse routes in terms of packet type or priority.
• Failure Simulation: Physically eliminate the specific links and track the effects on packet forwarding, by the way of static routing cannot adjust to changes.
• Load Analysis: Observe the load on each link by totalling the packet transmissions to replicate the impact of static routing on network usage.

In this manual, we had clearly demonstrated the procedures that will help you to simulate the Static Routing projects using MATLAB tool that has includes the step-by-step procedures, sample snippets and their explanation. Further required details will be updated later.

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