To simulate a password sniffing attack in NS2 has includes to design a network in which an attacker node interrupts and seizures packets from the network in an attempt to take out sensitive information like usernames and passwords. while NS2 is a packet-level simulator, we can replicate packet capture and measure on network traffic, however the simulation will concentrates more on the attacker sniffing packets instead of replicates the actual password outrageously.
In this simulation, we ill concentrate on:
- Normal Traffic: A client transmits traffic to a server, probably encompassing sensitive information such as login credentials.
- Attacker Node: The attacker interrupts traffic among the client and server to sniff the packets and attempt to extract sensitive information.
Steps to Simulate Password Sniffing Attacks Projects in NS2
Step 1: Set Up NS2
Making sure that NS2 is installed on the system. The configuration will contain to generate nodes for the client, server, and attacker. The attacker node will perform as a packet sniffer, capturing all traffic among the client and the server.
Step 2: Understand Password Sniffing Attack
In a password sniffing attack, the attacker interrupts packets among the client and the server. This type of threats can be mimicked by having the attacker node passively eavesdrop to the network traffic, seizing all the packets among two legitimate nodes. The attacker does not affect with the communication, only listens on the traffic.
Step 3: Design the Network Topology
We will replicate the following nodes:
- Client Node: This node creates normal traffic which involves sensitive information such as login credentials.
- Server Node: This node obtains traffic from the client.
- Attacker Node: This node sniffs the traffic among the client and the server to seizure the packets.
Step 4: Create an NS2 TCL Script for Password Sniffing Attack Simulation
Below is an instance of NS2 TCL script which replicates a password sniffing attack in which an attacker interrupts traffic among a client and server in a wired network environment.
Example: Password Sniffing Attack Simulation in NS2
# Create a new simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
# Define the network topology with 3 nodes
set client [$ns node] ;# Client sending normal traffic
set server [$ns node] ;# Server receiving traffic
set attacker [$ns node] ;# Attacker node sniffing the traffic
# Create duplex links between the nodes (10ms delay, 1Mb bandwidth)
$ns duplex-link $client $server 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $client $attacker 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $server $attacker 1Mb 10ms DropTail
# Enable queue tracing between client, server, and attacker
$ns trace-queue $client $server “tracefile.tr”
$ns trace-queue $client $attacker “tracefile.tr”
$ns trace-queue $server $attacker “tracefile.tr”
# Define TCP agents for the client and server
set tcp_client [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp_client set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $client $tcp_client
set tcp_server [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $server $tcp_server
# Connect the client and server
$ns connect $tcp_client $tcp_server
# Define FTP traffic over TCP from the client to the server
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp_client
# Start FTP traffic at 1.0 seconds
$ns at 1.0 “$ftp start”
# Define the attacker’s behavior (sniffing packets)
proc sniff_traffic {node} {
global ns
# Log that the attacker is capturing packets
puts “Attacker is sniffing traffic at time [clock clicks -milliseconds]”
}
# Schedule the attacker to start sniffing packets at 1.0 seconds
$ns at 1.0 “sniff_traffic \$attacker”
# Stop all traffic after 10 seconds
$ns at 10.0 “$ftp stop”
# Trace file for recording the simulation events
set tracefile [open “password_sniffing_attack.tr” w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
# NAM file for network animation
set namfile [open “password_sniffing_attack.nam” w]
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
# Define the finish procedure
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefile namfile
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefile
close $namfile
exec nam password_sniffing_attack.nam &
exit 0
}
# Finish the simulation after 12 seconds
$ns at 12.0 “finish”
# Run the simulation
$ns run
Step 5: Explanation of the Script
- Network Setup:
- Three nodes are generated: the client, the server, and the attacker. The client transmit normal traffic such as FTP to the server.
- The attacker node is associated to both the client and the server, permits it to passively sniff traffic.
- Legitimate Traffic:
- TCP agents are connected to the client and server, and FTP is utilized to mimic the transmission of files that can include sensitive information such as usernames and passwords.
- Attacker (Packet Sniffing):
- The attacker node passively “listens” to the traffic among the client and server. In NS2, the attacker node seizures packets transfer via the links associates the client and server.
- The sniff_traffic process is scheduled to begin when the client initiate to sending data.
- Tracing and Visualization:
- A trace file (password_sniffing_attack.tr) is created to record all traffic on the network.
- A NAM file (password_sniffing_attack.nam) is created to envision the network characteristics and see how the attacker interrupts the traffic.
Step 6: Run the Simulation
- Save the script as password_sniffing_attack.tcl.
- Execute the script in NS2:
ns password_sniffing_attack.tcl
This will create two files:
- password_sniffing_attack.tr: A trace files encompassing packet-level details of the network events.
- password_sniffing_attack.nam: A NAM file for envisioning the network behaviour.
Step 7: Visualize the Simulation Using NAM
To envision the network characteristics in NAM:
nam password_sniffing_attack.nam
In NAM, you will see:
- The client transmits traffic to the server.
- The attacker node capturing the traffic transfer among the client and server, that replicate a password sniffing attack.
Step 8: Analyse the Trace File
The trace file (password_sniffing_attack.tr) encompasses detailed information about every packet routed in the course of the simulation. We need to measure the trace file to:
- Track the traffic flow among the client and server.
- validate the packets captured by the attacker.
- Extract certain packet details such as IP addresses, TCP payloads which could be utilized to infer sensitive information.
We can utilize AWK, Python, or custom scripts to execute the trace file and strain the traffic seized by the attacker.
Step 9: Enhance the Simulation
Here are ways to prolong or optimize the simulation:
- Encrypt the Traffic: Implement encrypted traffic among the client and server such as using SSL to demonstrate on how encryption prevents the attacks of password sniffing.
- Add More Attackers: Insert multiple attacker nodes to mimic a more complex network in which diverse attackers are sniffing traffic at numerous points in the network.
- Introduce Defense Mechanisms: Execute Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) or firewalls to identify and mitigate packet sniffing.
- Simulate Different Traffic: Mimic different kinds of traffic, like email communication, in which passwords can be interchanged.
We cover the overall information that will understand the concepts and techniques that will help you to give some unique ideas to simulate the password sniffing attack project using the tool of ns2. More information will be shared in the upcoming manual.
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