To simulate internet attacks in NS2 has includes to generate an environment in which the malicious nodes interrupt normal network activities via numerous kinds of attacks, like Denial of Service (DoS), Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), man-in-the-middle attacks, or routing attacks. These attacks can impact the performance, availability, or security of the network. NS2 can design internet attacks on both wired and wireless networks that permit for detailed packet-level simulations.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate internet attacks using NS2.
Steps to Simulate Internet Attacks Projects in NS2
Step 1: Set Up NS2
Make sure that NS2 (Network Simulator 2) is installed on the system. If we require mimicking attacks on wired networks, NS2’s default configuration should meet your requirements. For wireless network attacks, ensure wireless simulation extensions are permitted.
Step 2: Understand Internet Attacks
Some common internet attacks that can be replicated that contain:
- Denial of Service (DoS): An attacker floods the target server or network with an overwhelming amount of traffic, interpreting it unobtainable.
- Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS): Similar to DoS however with multiple attackers (bots) transmits traffic to overwhelm the target.
- Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) Attack: The attacker interrupts and possibly modifies the communication among two legitimate parties.
- Routing Attacks: Malicious nodes advertise false routing information, that triggers misrouting or packet drops.
Step 3: Design the Network Topology
To simulate an internet attack, we will need a basic topology:
- Legitimate Clients: Nodes that creates a normal traffic.
- Attacker Node(s): Nodes that implement the attack.
- Target Server: The node which is in attack, usually a server or gateway.
Step 4: Create an NS2 TCL Script for Internet Attack Simulation
Here, we will replicate a DDoS attack in which multiple attacker nodes (bots) flood a target server with UDP traffic. This will overwhelm the server and reduce performance for legitimate clients.
Example: DDoS Attack Simulation in a Wired Network
# Create a new NS2 simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
# Define the network topology
set n0 [$ns node] ;# Legitimate Client 1
set n1 [$ns node] ;# Legitimate Client 2
set n2 [$ns node] ;# Bot (Attacker 1)
set n3 [$ns node] ;# Bot (Attacker 2)
set n4 [$ns node] ;# Target Server
# Create duplex links between the nodes (with 10ms delay and 1Mb bandwidth)
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n4 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n4 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n2 $n4 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n3 $n4 1Mb 10ms DropTail
# Define UDP agents for legitimate clients
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0
set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $udp1
# Define a UDP sink (Null agent) at the target to receive traffic from both legitimate clients and attackers
set null [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $n4 $null
# Connect the legitimate clients to the target
$ns connect $udp0 $null
$ns connect $udp1 $null
# Define CBR traffic for legitimate clients
set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr0 set packetSize_ 512
$cbr0 set interval_ 0.1 ;# 10 packets per second
$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0
set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr1 set packetSize_ 512
$cbr1 set interval_ 0.1 ;# 10 packets per second
$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1
# Define UDP agents for attackers (bots) to simulate DDoS traffic
set udp2 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n2 $udp2
set udp3 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $udp3
# Define CBR traffic for attackers (high rate to simulate DDoS)
set cbr_attacker1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr_attacker1 set packetSize_ 1024 ;# Larger packet size to simulate attack traffic
$cbr_attacker1 set interval_ 0.05 ;# Higher rate for attack traffic
$cbr_attacker1 attach-agent $udp2
set cbr_attacker2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr_attacker2 set packetSize_ 1024
$cbr_attacker2 set interval_ 0.05
$cbr_attacker2 attach-agent $udp3
# Schedule traffic from legitimate clients
$ns at 1.0 “$cbr0 start”
$ns at 1.5 “$cbr1 start”
# Schedule DDoS attack from attackers (bots)
$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_attacker1 start”
$ns at 2.0 “$cbr_attacker2 start”
# Stop traffic after 10 seconds
$ns at 10.0 “$cbr0 stop”
$ns at 10.0 “$cbr1 stop”
$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_attacker1 stop”
$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_attacker2 stop”
# Trace file for recording the simulation events
set tracefile [open “ddos_attack.tr” w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
# NAM file for visualizing the simulation
set namfile [open “ddos_attack.nam” w]
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
# Define the finish procedure
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefile namfile
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefile
close $namfile
exec nam ddos_attack.nam &
exit 0
}
# Finish the simulation at 12 seconds
$ns at 12.0 “finish”
# Run the simulation
$ns run
Step 5: Explanation of the Script
- Network Setup:
- The script generates five nodes: two legitimate clients (n0 and n1), two attacker nodes (n2 and n3), and one target server (n4).
- Duplex links associate the clients and attackers to the target server that replicates normal internet communication.
- Legitimate Traffic:
- UDP agents are connects to the legitimate clients, and a Null agent is attached to the target server to receive traffic.
- CBR traffic is created at a rate of 10 packets per second (512-byte packets) from the clients to the server, that replicate legitimate traffic.
- DDoS Attack:
- The attacker nodes (n2 and n3) also creates an UDP traffic however at a higher rate (20 packets per second with 1024-byte packets) to overwhelm the server.
- The attack initiates at 2.0 seconds, flooding the target server with traffic.
- Tracing and Visualization:
- A trace file (ddos_attack.tr) is created to record packet-level events.
- A NAM file (ddos_attack.nam) is generated for envisioning the attack.
Step 6: Run the Simulation
- Save the script as ddos_attack.tcl.
- Execute the script in NS2:
ns ddos_attack.tcl
This will generate two files:
- ddos_attack.tr: A trace file for measuring the network events and the effects of the attack.
- ddos_attack.nam: A NAM file for envision the DDoS attack.
Step 7: Visualize the Simulation Using NAM
To envision the DDoS attack, utilize NAM:
nam ddos_attack.nam
In NAM, we will see:
- The legitimate clients transmit normal traffic to the target server.
- The attacker nodes flooding the target server with excessive traffic after 2.0 seconds, that mimics a DDoS attack.
Step 8: Analyse the Trace File
The trace file (ddos_attack.tr) encompasses detailed information about each packet transmit and received in the period of the simulation. We need evaluate it to:
- Evaluate the packet delivery ratio (PDR) before and in the course of the attack.
- Monitor the packet drops triggered by the DDoS traffic.
- Measure the effects of the attack on legitimate traffic such as delays, throughput reduction.
Utilize the tools such as AWK, Python, or other scripts to execute the trace file.
Step 9: Enhance the Simulation
Here are ways to enhance or expand the simulation:
- Add More Attackers: Mimic a larger-scale DDoS attack with more bots.
- Introduce Defense Mechanisms: Apply firewalls, rate-limiting, or Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to defend against the attack.
- Simulate Other Attacks: we can simulate DoS, MITM, or routing attacks by adjusting the performance of the attacker nodes.
- Measure Performance Metrics: measure the parameters such as throughput, packet loss, and delay to enumerate the effects of the attack.
Using the above procedures we completely get an advanced knowledge about the configuration setup and evaluation process to simulate the internet attacks using ns2 tool. We will plan to deliver more information regarding the internet attacks.
You can find detailed step-by-step procedures for Internet Attacks Projects using the NS2 tool, customized just for you. We effectively implement routing manipulation techniques and packet forwarding methods. Our team simulates Internet Attacks Projects with the NS2 tool for students at all levels. If you need help, visit phdprime.com, where we specialize in offering personalized support to scholars.
