To simulate packet injection in OMNeT++ has needs a generating a network in which a malicious or unauthorized node inserts packets into the network to disturb, evaluate, or manipulate legitimate traffic. This can be utilized to replicate various kinds of attacks like Man-in-the-Middle (MITM), Denial of Service (DoS), or data injection to fraudulent communication among legitimate nodes.
Key Components of a Packet Injection Simulation:
- Legitimate Nodes: Devices that are interact over the network.
- Malicious Node: The attacker or compromised device that combined forged or unauthorized packets into the network.
- Packet Injection Mechanism: The approaches utilized by the malicious node to craft and inject packets (e.g., IP spoofing, ARP spoofing, or protocol-specific injection like TCP or HTTP).
Step-by-Step Guide to Simulate Packet Injection Using OMNeT++:
- Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework
- Download and install OMNeT++ .
- Download and install the INET framework from INET GitHub repository. INET deliver the essential components for replicate networks and injecting packets.
- Understand Packet Injection Types
Packet injection can take numerous forms:
- TCP Injection: Inserting crafted TCP packets to disturb interaction or hijack sessions.
- UDP Injection: Distribution forged UDP packets to flood a network or spoof data.
- ARP Injection: Injecting ARP packets to poison ARP caches enables for MITM attacks.
- Application-Level Injection: Injecting packets specific to higher-layer protocols, like HTTP, DNS, or VoIP.
- Set up a Basic Network Topology in NED
Model a network in which legitimate nodes interact, and an attacker node incorporate packets to interfere with or manipulate that communication.
Example NED File for Packet Injection:
network PacketInjectionNetwork {
submodules:
client: StandardHost {
@display(“p=100,200”);
}
server: StandardHost {
@display(“p=300,200”);
}
attacker: StandardHost {
@display(“p=200,150”);
}
connections allowunconnected:
client.ethg++ <–> Eth100M <–> attacker.ethg++;
attacker.ethg++ <–> Eth100M <–> server.ethg++;
}
Explanation:
- Client: Sends legitimate traffic.
- Server: Receives legitimate traffic.
- Attacker: Malicious node that injects crafted packets into the network.
- Configure Legitimate Traffic
The client and server will interacted by using standard protocols such as TCP or UDP. This will be the traffic that the attacker attempts to disturb or manipulate.
Example omnetpp.ini Configuration for Client-Server Communication:
network = PacketInjectionNetwork
sim-time-limit = 100s
# Server (running TCP service on port 80)
**.server.numApps = 1
**.server.app[0].typename = “TcpServerApp”
**.server.app[0].localPort = 80
# Client (connecting to the server and sending TCP data)
**.client.numApps = 1
**.client.app[0].typename = “TcpApp”
**.client.app[0].connectAddress = “server”
**.client.app[0].connectPort = 80
**.client.app[0].tOpen = 0s
**.client.app[0].sendBytes = 1000B
- The client transmits TCP packets to the server, introducing a connection and routing the data.
- Implement Packet Injection
The attacker node injects forged packets into the network. Below is an instance of TCP packet injection, in which the attacker transmits packets with manipulated content or fake headers to disturb communication among the client and server.
Example C++ Code for a Packet Injection Application (TcpInjectionApp):
#include “inet/applications/base/ApplicationBase.h”
#include “inet/networklayer/ipv4/Ipv4Header_m.h”
#include “inet/networklayer/contract/ipv4/Ipv4ControlInfo.h”
#include “inet/common/packet/Packet.h”
#include “inet/transportlayer/tcp_common/TcpHeader.h”
class TcpInjectionApp : public inet::ApplicationBase {
protected:
virtual void initialize(int stage) override;
virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;
virtual void injectTcpPacket();
public:
TcpInjectionApp() {}
virtual ~TcpInjectionApp() {}
};
Define_Module(TcpInjectionApp);
void TcpInjectionApp::initialize(int stage) {
if (stage == inet::INITSTAGE_APPLICATION_LAYER) {
// Schedule the packet injection to occur after 1 second
scheduleAt(simTime() + 1.0, new cMessage(“injectPacket”));
}
}
void TcpInjectionApp::handleMessage(cMessage *msg) {
if (strcmp(msg->getName(), “injectPacket”) == 0) {
injectTcpPacket();
}
delete msg;
}
void TcpInjectionApp::injectTcpPacket() {
// Create a new packet to inject
inet::Packet *packet = new inet::Packet(“InjectedTCPPacket”);
// Create a TCP header with spoofed information
auto tcpHeader = inet::makeShared<inet::tcp::TcpHeader>();
tcpHeader->setSrcPort(12345); // Fake source port
tcpHeader->setDestPort(80); // Target the server’s TCP port
tcpHeader->setSynBit(true); // Set SYN flag to mimic new connection
// Add TCP header to the packet
packet->insertAtFront(tcpHeader);
// Add spoofed IPv4 header
auto ipv4Header = inet::makeShared<inet::Ipv4Header>();
ipv4Header->setSrcAddress(inet::Ipv4Address(“192.168.1.100”)); // Fake source IP
ipv4Header->setDestAddress(inet::Ipv4Address(“192.168.1.2”)); // Target server IP
// Insert the IPv4 header at the front of the packet
packet->insertAtFront(ipv4Header);
// Send the injected packet to the network
send(packet, “out”);
}
In this code:
- TcpInjectionApp generates and transmit a forged TCP packet with a spoofed IP address and port, aiming to disturb the communication among the client and server.
- The packet is injected 1 second after the simulation begins, that could potentially confuse the server by begins fake connections or corrupting data streams.
- Configure the Attacker Node for Injection
In the omnetpp.ini file, set up the attacker node to execute the TcpInjectionApp and inject forged TCP packets.
# Attacker configuration to inject TCP packets
**.attacker.numApps = 1
**.attacker.app[0].typename = “TcpInjectionApp”
This configures the attacker node to utilize the custom packet injection application.
- Monitor and Capture Traffic
We can allow packet capture in OMNeT++ to track both legitimate and injected traffic. This can be completed by enabling pcap file recording and measuring the traffic with Wireshark later.
Enable Packet Capture in omnetpp.ini:
# Enable packet capture for analyzing injected traffic
**.pcapRecorder.enable = true
**.pcapRecorder.packetFilter = “all”
**.pcapRecorder.file = “output/packet_injection.pcap”
- This will make a .pcap file that contains both legitimate and injected traffic, that can be measured using Wireshark.
- Run the Simulation
- Execute the simulation in OMNeT++ to monitor on how the client and server communicate, and how the attacker injects packets into the network.
- We need to track the network’s behaviour to see the impacts of the injected packets, like connection failures, packet corruption, or changed communication.
- Analyse Traffic Using Wireshark
Once the simulation is done, open the packet_injection.pcap file in Wireshark and measure the network traffic. Look for:
- Spoofed packets: Filter by source IP or port (e.g., ip.src == 192.168.1.100 for the attacker’s IP).
- Packet types: measure the types of injected packets (e.g., TCP SYN packets).
- Impact on legitimate traffic: Look for any dropped or ruined packets because of the injection.
- Extend the Simulation
We can expand the packet injection simulation by adding more advanced behaviours:
- Packet Modification: Rather than injecting new packets, the attacker could interrupt and adjust legitimate packets before forwarding them (Man-in-the-Middle attack).
- UDP Injection: Replicate UDP packet injection to flood the network or disturb real-time communications.
- Application-Level Injection: generate an application-layer packet injection (e.g., HTTP, DNS) to fraudulent or hijack specific protocols.
- Defense Mechanisms: Apply intrusion detection systems (IDS) or firewalls in the network to identify and prevent packet injection attacks.
Example Projects for Packet Injection Simulation:
- TCP Session Hijacking: Implement an attacker injecting TCP packets to hijack an active session among two legitimate nodes.
- UDP Packet Flooding: Generate a simulation in which the attacker injects a flood of UDP packets to overwhelm the server.
- ARP Spoofing with Packet Injection: Integrate ARP spoofing with packet injection to interrupt and adjust network traffic.
- Man-in-the-Middle Attack: Implement a Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack in which the attacker adjusts legitimate packets as they pass via the network.
- Injecting Application-Level Traffic: Replicate an attacker injecting fake HTTP or DNS responses to redirect or disturb communication.
The above are the complete procedures that will help you to simulate the packet injection projects in OMNeT++ tool that has includes the simulation procedures, example snippets and advanced concept ideas. Further details regarding these projects will be shared if needed. Our team tackles all sorts of attacks, including Man-in-the-Middle (MITM), Denial of Service (DoS), and data injection. We provide top-notch project topics that fit your specific needs. Let phdprime.com handle your Packet Injection Projects with OMNeT++ simulation tools, and we promise you’ll get your results on time and with great quality.
