To simulate Quench Attack in ns2 is a kind of network attack where an attacker transmits ICMP Source Quench messages to a target, misleadingly signify network congestion. The target, upon getting these quenches messages, minimizes its transmission rate, and possibly impacts the overall performance of the system. The main aim of a quench attack is to pretend the target into unreasonably minimizing its transmission speed, resultant in corrupted network performance.
While ICMP Source Quench messages have been denounced in modern networks, we can still mimic the characteristics and effects of a quench attack in NS2 by designing the flow control and rate minimization in response to network congestion. Our team at phdprime.com is skilled at simulating Quench Attack Projects with the NS2 tool, and we handle network congestion like pros. If you’re looking for specialized help, check out phdprime.com—our experts are here to help you out!
Here is a procedure to simulate the Quench Attack in ns2
Steps to Simulate Quench Attack Projects in NS2
Step 1: Understand the Quench Attack
In a quench attack, the attacker transmits spoofed ICMP Source Quench messages to a target that initiates the target to reduce speed of its transmission rate. This provides outcomes in a Denial of Service (DoS) or performance degradation by creating the target to minimize its data rate needlessly.
Step 2: Design the Network Topology
We will model a network topology in which:
- Legitimate Client Node: This node transmits normal traffic to the server.
- Attacker Node: This node transmits ICMP Source Quench messages to the client to replicate a quench attack.
- Server Node: This node obtains traffic from the client.
Step 3: Create an NS2 TCL Script for Simulating the Quench Attack
Below is an instance of NS2 TCL script which replicates a Quench Attack by having an attacker that transmit spoofed ICMP Source Quench messages to the client, forcing the client to minimize its transmission rate.
Example: Quench Attack Simulation in NS2
# Create a new NS2 simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
# Define the network topology with 3 nodes
set client [$ns node] ;# Legitimate Client
set attacker [$ns node] ;# Attacker sending ICMP Source Quench messages
set server [$ns node] ;# Target server
# Create duplex links between the nodes (with 1Mb bandwidth, 10ms delay)
$ns duplex-link $client $server 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $attacker $client 1Mb 10ms DropTail
# Enable queue tracing between client, attacker, and server
$ns trace-queue $client $server “quench_attack.tr”
$ns trace-queue $attacker $client “quench_attack.tr”
# Define UDP agents for client traffic
set udp_client [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $client $udp_client
# Define a UDP sink (Null agent) at the server to receive traffic
set sink [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $server $sink
# Connect client to the server
$ns connect $udp_client $sink
# Define CBR traffic for legitimate client
set cbr_client [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr_client set packetSize_ 512
$cbr_client set interval_ 0.1 ;# 10 packets per second (normal traffic)
$cbr_client attach-agent $udp_client
# Start normal client traffic at 1.0 seconds
$ns at 1.0 “$cbr_client start”
puts “Client starts sending legitimate traffic at 1.0 seconds.”
# Define the quench attack behavior
proc quench_attack {attacker client} {
global ns
puts “Attacker sends ICMP Source Quench messages to client at 2.0 seconds.”
# Simulate ICMP Source Quench by reducing client’s transmission rate
# In NS2, we simulate this by reducing the client’s traffic rate when attacked
$ns at 2.5 “$client set interval_ 0.5” ;# Reduce the traffic rate to slow down
}
# Schedule the quench attack at 2.0 seconds
$ns at 2.0 “quench_attack \$attacker \$udp_client”
# Stop all traffic after 10 seconds
$ns at 10.0 “$cbr_client stop”
# Trace file for recording the simulation events
set tracefile [open “quench_attack.tr” w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
# NAM file for network animation
set namfile [open “quench_attack.nam” w]
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
# Define the finish procedure
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefile namfile
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefile
close $namfile
exec nam quench_attack.nam &
exit 0
}
# Finish the simulation after 12 seconds
$ns at 12.0 “finish”
# Run the simulation
$ns run
Step 4: Explanation of the Script
- Network Setup:
- Three nodes are generated: a client transmits legitimate traffic, an attacker transfer ICMP Source Quench messages, and a server getting the traffic.
- Duplex links are launched among the nodes with a bandwidth of 1Mb and a delay of 10ms.
- Legitimate Traffic:
- The client creates normal UDP traffic using CBR (Constant Bit Rate), that transmit packets at a rate of 10 packets per second.
- The legitimate traffic initiate at 1.0 seconds.
- Quench Attack:
- The attacker transmits ICMP Source Quench messages at 2.0 seconds to replicate congestion or slowdown requests.
- In NS2, the quench characteristics is replicated by directly minimizing the client’s packet transmission interval (from 0.1 seconds to 0.5 seconds) when the attack initiate. This mimics the client retardation its transmission because of the false congestion signals.
- Tracing and Visualization:
- A trace file (quench_attack.tr) is created to log packet-level events.
- A NAM file (quench_attack.nam) is generated to envision the network characteristics and the effects of the quench attack.
Step 5: Run the Simulation
- Save the script as quench_attack.tcl.
- Execute the script in NS2:
ns quench_attack.tcl
This will generate two files:
- quench_attack.tr: A trace files which logs packet-level information.
- quench_attack.nam: A NAM file for envisioning the attack in NAM.
Step 6: Visualize the Simulation Using NAM
To envision the Quench attack simulation in NAM:
nam quench_attack.nam
In NAM, we will observe:
- The client sending traffic to the server.
- The attacker transmits quench messages to the client at 2.0 seconds, and the client minimizes its transmission rate at 2.5 seconds.
Step 7: Analyse the Trace File
The trace file (quench_attack.tr) encompasses detailed information about the following:
- Normal client traffic: evaluate the client’s packet transmission before the quench attack.
- Impact of the attack: monitor on how the client’s transmission rate varies after the attack begins.
We can utilize AWK, Python, or custom scripts to evaluate the trace file and extract related parameters like:
- Packet delivery ratio (PDR) before and after the attack.
- Client transmission rate variations in response to the attack.
Step 8: Enhance the Simulation
Here are some ways to prolong or improve the simulation:
- Simulate Different Quench Mechanisms: Incorporate mechanisms to mimic different kinds of ICMP-based attacks or control message attacks.
- Add Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Execute IDS to identify and prevent false ICMP Source Quench messages.
- Simulate Multiple Attackers: Insert more attacker nodes to mimic a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) environment using ICMP Source Quench.
- Increase Network Complexity: Incorporate more legitimate clients and servers to mimic a larger network with more complex traffic flows.
- Measure Performance Impact: Measure on how the attack impacts network performance, like throughput, latency, and packet loss.
In this setup simulation, we had successfully and efficiently replicate the Quench Attack projects in ns2 environment and provide the elaborated procedures to simulate the execution. Additional specific details regarding the Quench Attack projects will be shared in upcoming manual.
