To simulate Distance Vector Routing (DVR) projects utilizing NS2 (Network Simulator 2), we require following a sequences of simple steps to configure and execute the simulation. Distance Vector Routing is a routing protocol in which routers share data with their directly associated neighbours to determine the shortest path. DVR protocols such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP) are frequently utilized as instances.
Here’s a common instruction to help us simulate Distance Vector Routing in NS2:
Steps to Simulate Distance Vector Routing (DVR) projects in NS2
- Install NS2
- If NS2 is not already installed on the system then we can download it from NS2 Official Website.
- Install NS2 following the guidelines particulate to the operating system.
- Set Up the Simulation Script
We will be made a TCL (Tool Command Language) script for replicating DVR. A simple NS2 simulation script contains:
- Describing the network topology.
- Setting up node behavior and routing protocols.
- Configuring traffic sources (TCP, UDP).
- Running the simulation and collecting outcomes.
- Enable Distance Vector Routing in NS2
To allow Distance Vector Routing, we want to make sure NS2 is set to use a distance vector protocol such as RIP. The network simulator NS2 contains a default implementation of RIP.
Example TCL Script for Distance Vector Routing:
# Define the simulator
set ns [new Simulator]
# Define trace and topology files
set tracefile [open “dvr_trace.tr” w]
set namfile [open “dvr_simulation.nam” w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
# Define nodes
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
set n2 [$ns node]
set n3 [$ns node]
# Create links between the nodes with bandwidth and delay
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1Mb 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n3 $n0 1Mb 10ms DropTail
# Use Distance Vector Routing protocol (like RIP)
for {set i 0} {$i < 4} {incr i} {
$ns at 0.0 “$n$i start-dv-routing”
}
# Create UDP agent and attach to node
set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0
# Create a CBR traffic generator and attach it to node 0
set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr0 set packetSize_ 512
$cbr0 set rate_ 0.5Mb
$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0
# Attach UDP sink to destination node (n3)
set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $udp1
# Connect the sender to the receiver
$ns connect $udp0 $udp1
# Run simulation for a certain time
$ns at 0.5 “$cbr0 start”
$ns at 4.5 “$cbr0 stop”
$ns at 5.0 “finish”
# Finish procedure
proc finish {} {
global ns tracefile namfile
$ns flush-trace
close $tracefile
close $namfile
exit 0
}
# Run the simulation
$ns run
- Run the Simulation
- We can save the script as dvr_simulation.tcl.
- Execute the simulation in NS2:
ns dvr_simulation.tcl
- Visualize the Simulation
- We can open the generated Network Animator (NAM) file:
nam dvr_simulation.nam
- Utilize the NAM tool to envision how the nodes communicate using the Distance Vector Routing algorithm.
- Analyze Results
- The trace file (dvr_trace.tr) will include records of the simulation. We can investigate the performance parameters such as packet delivery, throughput, and delays.
- Modify the Script for Custom Scenarios
- Modify node configurations or traffic patterns to replicate distinct network topologies or scenarios.
- Execute more aspects or extensions to learn the performance of Distance Vector Routing under diverse network conditions.
Optional Enhancements:
- Compare DVR with Other Routing Protocols: We can replicate other protocols (e.g., Link-State Routing) in parallel and compare their performance versus DVR.
- Add Performance Metrics: Compute packet loss, end-to-end delay, and throughput utilizing NS2’s built-in analysis tools or by analysing the trace files.
In this setup, we had accumulated information on how to set up the simulation script and how to simulate the Distance Vector Routing projects with the support of NS2 tool. We will offer insights into the implementation of these projects in various manual. We provide expert guidance on the Distance Vector Routing protocol tailored to your project needs. If you require assistance with any aspect of Distance Routing simulations, share your project details with us, and we will deliver outstanding results. For a thorough evaluation of network comparison analysis, connect with phdprime.com, where we offer comprehensive explanations.
