To simulate a Fully Connected Topology using OMNeT++ that includes configuring a network in which each node is connected to every other node directly. This topology is frequently utilized to denote scenarios in which every device in the network can communicate with every other device without requiring any intermediate nodes or routers. In simulation environment OMNeT++, this can be done by describing the nodes and connecting each one to every other node. We will teach you through the simulation method to replicating a Fully Connected Topology in OMNeT++:
Steps to Simulate Fully Connected Topology Projects in OMNeT++
- Define the Fully Connected Network Structure (NED File)
In a fully connected topology, each node wants to be connected to every other node. We will describe this structure in a .ned file. The amount of connections grows fastly as the number of nodes increases, following the formula: Number of Connections=n(n−1)2\text{Number of Connections} = \frac{n(n-1)}{2}Number of Connections=2n(n−1) where nnn is the number of nodes.
Sample NED File (FullyConnectedTopology.ned)
network FullyConnectedTopology
{
submodules:
// Define nodes (e.g., 4 nodes in this example)
node[4]: Node {
@display(“p=100,100; p=200,100; p=100,200; p=200,200”);
}
connections allowunconnected:
// Connect each node to every other node
node[0].out++ –> node[1].in++;
node[1].out++ –> node[0].in++;
node[0].out++ –> node[2].in++;
node[2].out++ –> node[0].in++;
node[0].out++ –> node[3].in++;
node[3].out++ –> node[0].in++;
node[1].out++ –> node[2].in++;
node[2].out++ –> node[1].in++;
node[1].out++ –> node[3].in++;
node[3].out++ –> node[1].in++;
node[2].out++ –> node[3].in++;
node[3].out++ –> node[2].in++;
}
In this NED file:
- Each node is connected to every other node.
- The allowunconnected keyword performs OMNeT++ to prevent errors for unused gates that might happen if a node doesn’t transmit or receive messages from all gates at once.
- Define the Node Behavior (Node.ned)
Each node will require input and output gates for transmitting and receiving messages. The following NED file describes a basic node structure with input and output gates.
Sample Node Module (Node.ned)
simple Node
{
parameters:
@display(“i=device/laptop”); // Use an icon to represent the node
gates:
input in[];
output out[];
}
- Implement Node Behavior (Node.cc)
The node behaviour is where we describe how the nodes manage messages. Each node will be able to transmit messages to all other connected nodes, and it will process the messages it receives.
Sample Node Behavior (Node.cc)
#include <omnetpp.h>
using namespace omnetpp;
class Node : public cSimpleModule
{
private:
bool isInitiator; // Check if the node is the one to initiate sending
protected:
virtual void initialize() override;
virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;
void broadcastMessage(); // Function to broadcast messages to all nodes
};
Define_Module(Node);
void Node::initialize()
{
// The first node (node[0]) initiates communication
isInitiator = (getIndex() == 0);
if (isInitiator) {
// If this is the initiator node, send a message to all other nodes
cMessage *msg = new cMessage(“Initial Message from Node 0”);
scheduleAt(simTime() + 1.0, msg); // Send after 1 second
}
}
void Node::handleMessage(cMessage *msg)
{
// Print out the received message
EV << “Node ” << getName() << ” received: ” << msg->getName() << “\n”;
// Forward the message to all other connected nodes
if (isInitiator) {
broadcastMessage();
delete msg;
} else {
// Process the message and stop or forward it
delete msg; // You can decide whether to delete or pass it on
}
}
void Node::broadcastMessage()
{
// Broadcast a message to all connected nodes
for (int i = 0; i < gateSize(“out”); i++) {
cMessage *dupMsg = new cMessage(“Broadcast Message”);
EV << “Node ” << getName() << ” broadcasting message to Node ” << i << “\n”;
send(dupMsg, “out”, i); // Send the message to each connected node
}
}
In this implementation:
- The node with index 0 initiates the communication by transmitting a message to all other nodes.
- Each node receives the message and can select to process or propagate the message further.
- Run the Simulation
To run the simulation, make the omnetpp.ini file to describe the simulation settings. The configuration identifies the amount of nodes and gates, along with how long the simulation will run.
Sample OMNeT++ Configuration (omnetpp.ini)
[General]
network = FullyConnectedTopology
sim-time-limit = 10s
# Node-specific configurations
*.node[*].numGates = 3 # Each node has 3 gates to connect to 3 other nodes
- Visualize and Analyze
- Message Flow: We should observe messages being broadcast from node 0 to all other nodes in the network. These messages will propagate via the network in a fully connected manner, make sure that every node is directly connected to every other node.
- Performance Metrics: We can collect parameters like the message delivery time, throughput, and latency for communication among all pairs of nodes.
- Enhance the Simulation
Here are a few ways to improve and prolong the fully connected topology simulation:
- Bi-directional Communication
We can be executed bi-directional communication in which nodes react to the message transmit by the initiating node.
void Node::handleMessage(cMessage *msg)
{
if (!isInitiator) {
// If the node is not the initiator, send a response
cMessage *response = new cMessage(“Response Message”);
send(response, “out”, 0); // Send the response back to Node 0
}
EV << “Node ” << getName() << ” received: ” << msg->getName() << “\n”;
delete msg;
}
- Traffic Patterns
Replicate distinct traffic patterns among nodes by modifying how often messages are transmitted or executing random message generation among the nodes.
void Node::initialize()
{
if (uniform(0, 1) < 0.5) {
// Randomly decide if this node will initiate communication
cMessage *msg = new cMessage(“Randomly Initiated Message”);
scheduleAt(simTime() + uniform(1, 5), msg); // Random delay before sending
}
}
- Node Failures
We can be mimicked node failures by introducing a condition in which particular nodes fail to transmit or receive messages after a given time, replicating network disruptions.
void Node::handleMessage(cMessage *msg)
{
if (simTime() > 5 && uniform(0, 1) < 0.1) {
EV << “Node ” << getName() << ” failed to process the message.\n”;
delete msg; // Simulate node failure
} else {
// Normal message handling
EV << “Node ” << getName() << ” processed the message.\n”;
broadcastMessage(); // Continue broadcasting
}
}
- Load Balancing
Execute load balancing by inserting logic to distribute traffic evenly among nodes in the network.
- Example Use Case: Fully Connected Peer-to-Peer Network
A fully connected topology can mimic a peer-to-peer (P2P) network in which each node is connected to every other node, permitting direct communication. It is helpful for modeling distributed systems in which every device can communicate with any other device, like in decentralized systems, blockchain, or real-time multiplayer gaming.
Through this instructed we understood the concepts regarding the Fully Connected Topology that simulate and analyse within OMNeT++ simulation environment using above given approach and sample coding. We can offer more insights relevant to this projects if you needed.
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