To simulate Layer 3 (L3) protocols in OMNeT++ have includes to setup and executing the network layer protocols, mainly it is responsible for routing and forwarding packets among different networks. The most frequent instance of L3 protocols has contain Internet Protocol (IP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and more.
Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to simulate L3 (Layer 3) protocols in OMNeT++:
Steps to Simulate L3 Protocols Projects in OMNeT++
Step 1: Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework
Initially, make sure that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed and configured. The INET framework encompasses implementations for a wide change of Layer 3 protocols like IP, OSPF, and RIP.
- Download OMNeT++: OMNeT++
- Download INET Framework: INET Framework
Step 2: Enable Layer 3 Protocols in INET Framework
INET already contain basic support for L3 protocols, especially the IP protocol and linked routing protocols such as OSPF, RIP, and more.
- For IP-based routing, INET utilizes modules like Ipv4NetworkLayer and RoutingTable to manage packet forwarding.
- Routing protocols like RIP and OSPF can be allowed for different nodes.
Step 3: Set Up the Network in the NED File
In the NED file, describe a network topology with routers and hosts. We will organize each router to utilize certain L3 protocols such as IP and OSPF or RIP. For example:
network Layer3Network
{
submodules:
host1: StandardHost {
@display(“p=100,200”);
}
host2: StandardHost {
@display(“p=500,200”);
}
router1: Router {
@display(“p=300,300”);
}
connections:
host1.ethg++ <–> Eth10G <–> router1.ethg++;
router1.ethg++ <–> Eth10G <–> host2.ethg++;
}
In this configuration:
- host1 and host2 are two hosts associated to router1.
- Router is a standard INET router that will set up to utilize an L3 protocol like IP with OSPF or RIP.
Step 4: Configure L3 Protocol in omnetpp.ini
In the omnetpp.ini file, we will set up Layer 3 protocols such as IP and dynamic routing protocols (such as OSPF, RIP). Here’s how we can set up IP routing and allow a routing protocol such as RIP or OSPF:
Example Configuration for IP with OSPF:
[Config Layer3Simulation]
network = Layer3Network
sim-time-limit = 1000s
# Configure IP addresses for hosts and router
*.host1.ipv4.ip = “10.0.0.1”
*.host2.ipv4.ip = “10.0.0.2”
*.router1.ipv4.ip = “10.0.0.3”
# Enable OSPF routing in the router
*.router1.hasOspf = true
*.router1.routingTable.ospfRouterID = “10.0.0.3”
*.router1.routingTable.ospfAreaID = “0.0.0.0”
# Set interface-specific OSPF configuration (such as costs)
*.router1.interfaceTable[*].ospfInterfaceType = “broadcast”
*.router1.interfaceTable[*].ospfCost = 1
# Enable logging of OSPF operations
*.router1.routingTable.ospfDebug = true
Example Configuration for IP with RIP:
[Config Layer3SimulationRIP]
network = Layer3Network
sim-time-limit = 1000s
# Configure IP addresses for hosts and router
*.host1.ipv4.ip = “192.168.1.1”
*.host2.ipv4.ip = “192.168.1.2”
*.router1.ipv4.ip = “192.168.1.3”
# Enable RIP routing in the router
*.router1.hasRip = true
*.router1.routingTable.ripRouterID = “192.168.1.3”
*.router1.routingTable.ripNetwork = “192.168.1.0/24”
# RIP configuration for routing tables and updates
*.router1.routingTable.ripUpdateInterval = 30s
*.router1.routingTable.ripTimeoutInterval = 180s
# Enable logging of RIP operations
*.router1.routingTable.ripDebug = true
Step 5: Implement and Customize L3 Protocol Behavior
We are employed with a custom L3 protocol or essential to ajust existing ones (e.g., implementing enhancements or new metrics for OSPF or RIP), we can prolong the existing protocol classes in INET. For instance, we can override functions in OspfRouting or RipRouting classes.
Here’s an instance outline of a custom OSPF routing protocol in C++:
class CustomOspfRouting : public OspfRouting
{
protected:
virtual void initialize(int stage) override {
OspfRouting::initialize(stage);
// Custom initialization code
}
virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override {
// Custom behavior for message handling
OspfRouting::handleMessage(msg);
}
};
This class can then be combined into project by setup router to utilize the custom OSPF class in the omnetpp.ini file.
Step 6: Run the Simulation
Once we have set up the NED files and omnetpp.ini configuration, we can execute the simulation. OMNeT++ will replicate the data flow among hosts and routers using the specified L3 protocol (such as IP with OSPF, RIP).
- Compile the INET framework and project.
- Run the simulation from the OMNeT++ IDE or command line.
Step 7: Analyse Results
OMNeT++ generates outcomes in .sca and .vec files, that can be measured using OMNeT++’s built-in tools or external tools such as MATLAB. We can learn and measure parameters like:
- Routing table updates: For protocols such as OSPF or RIP.
- Packet delivery ratio: Percentage of packets successfully delivered.
- End-to-end delay: Time taken for a packet to travel from source to destination.
- Routing overhead: Amount of control messages interchanged by the routing protocol.
Utilize OMNeT++’s result evaluation tool to plot and relate these parameters for numerous scenarios and configurations.
Step 8: Refine Simulation Parameters
We can adapt simulation parameters in the omnetpp.ini file to learn on how changes impact the behaviour of the Layer 3 protocols. For example:
- Change routing costs for OSPF.
- Modify RIP timers (update interval, timeout interval).
- Alter the network topology (add more routers and hosts).
Example Scenarios:
- Link Failure: Replicate the effects of a link failure on the routing protocol by establishing latency or packet loss on particular links.
- Dynamic Network: Incorporate mobility to replicate dynamic networks in which routing tables need constant updates.
In the end of the manual, we clearly describe the implementation procedures along with scenarios that will understand the simulation procedures to execute the Layer 3 projects using OMNeT++ tool. Also we plan to provide more details according to your needs.
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