To simulate network routing projects in NS3 has includes to configure a network topology, setting up routing protocols, and mimic the packet transmission through the network. Here’s a step-by-step guide to get you started:
Step-by-Step Implementation
- Install NS3
If you haven’t installed NS3, follow these steps:
- Linux:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install g++ python3 cmake git
git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git
cd ns-3-dev
./ns3 configure –enable-examples –enable-tests
./ns3 build
- Windows/Mac: NS3 is primarily intended for Linux, however we can use it with VirtualBox or Docker to execute it on Windows/Mac.
- Understand Routing Protocols in NS3
NS3 supports numerous routing protocols:
- Static Routing: Predefined routes in the network.
- Dynamic Routing Protocols: Examples that contain OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing), AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector), DSDV (Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector).
- Set up Network Topology
Describe nodes, links, and IP addresses. Here’s a simple example of how to configure a network in NS3.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
CommandLine cmd;
cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create (2);
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices;
devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install (nodes);
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);
ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (1));
serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));
serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 9);
echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));
echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));
ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));
clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));
clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));
Simulator::Run ();
Simulator::Destroy ();
return 0;
}
These simple samples generate a point-to-point link among two nodes with an echo server and client.
- Enable a Routing Protocol
To replicate routing, that requires permitting the routing protocol in network setup. For example, to use OLSR:
OlsrHelper olsr;
Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRouting;
Ipv4ListRoutingHelper list;
list.Add (staticRouting, 0);
list.Add (olsr, 10);
InternetStackHelper internet;
internet.SetRoutingHelper (list); // Has OLSR routing
internet.Install (nodes);
We can utilize similar code for other protocols such as AODV, DSDV, or custom protocol.
- Simulate Routing Behavior
Add traffic applications such as UdpEchoClient/Server and replicate the routing features as packets traverse the network. By varying the network topology, link properties, or routing configurations, we can observe the impacts of different routing algorithms.
- Monitor Network Metrics
We can capture and measure the parameters such as packet delivery ratio, throughput, and routing overhead using the tracing system in NS3. Example:
AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
pointToPoint.EnableAsciiAll (ascii.CreateFileStream (“routing.tr”));
This will output network data to a trace file for further development.
- Run the Simulation
Compile and execute the simulation with:
./waf –run scratch/<your-file>
- Analyse Results
We can envision the network routing behaviour using tools such as NetAnim for NS3 or measure logs and trace files created in the course of simulation.
By adapt the example above and allow numerous routing protocols that can simulate and relate different routing approaches for different network topologies.
Throughout the simulation, we deliver the step by step procedures to mimic the network routing using the ns3 tool and that helps to manage the routes for packet transmission. We plan to offer more details in further script regarding the network routing.
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