To simulate On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) projects in OMNeT++, you can also execute the protocol physically if not already present in OMNeT++ version, or utilize an existing implementation from external frameworks.
ODMRP is usually a mesh-based, on-demand routing protocol intended for multicasting in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). ODMRP is not a old-fashioned multicast routing protocol as it does not sustain explicit multicast group membership tables. Rather than, it utilize a mesh-based approach in which a set of nodes (called forwarding nodes) forwards data, and only members of a multicast group request data.
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Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate ODMRP in OMNeT++ using the INET framework:
Steps to Simulate ODMRP Protocol Projects in OMNeT++
Step 1: Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework
Make sure OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed, as these will deliver the essential simulation environment for wireless and mobile network simulations, which contain MANETs.
- Download OMNeT++: OMNeT++
- Download INET Framework: INET Framework
Step 2: ODMRP Overview
ODMRP (On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol) generates and sustain a mesh of nodes rather than a traditional multicast tree. It performs on-demand; meaning routes are generated when they are essental by the multicast receivers.
Key features of ODMRP:
- Multicast Mesh: Data packets are forwarded by a set of nodes called forwarding nodes.
- Route Discovery: On-demand route creation when data transmission initiate.
- Receiver-Initiated: Multicast receivers begin the route discovery by transmit JOIN requests.
Step 3: Implement ODMRP in OMNeT++
If ODMRP is not already executed in the version of OMNeT++ or INET are using, we will require implementing it by expanding the INET framework. Here’s how we can implement ODMRP:
- Extend the Routing Table: While ODMRP utilizes on-demand routing, that need to adjust or expand the existing routing table in OMNeT++ to manage the creation and maintenance of forwarding nodes.
- Implement ODMRP Classes: ODMRP will needs custom classes that manage:
- Route Discovery: Apply the mechanism that enables multicast receivers to transmit JOIN requests to explore paths to multicast sources.
- Forwarding Table: Sustain a list of forwarding nodes that will be responsible for forwarding multicast packets.
Here is a basic outline of the ODMRP class in C++:
class ODMRP : public cSimpleModule
{
protected:
virtual void initialize() override;
virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;
void handleJoinRequest(cMessage *msg);
void handleJoinReply(cMessage *msg);
void forwardMulticastPacket(cMessage *msg);
std::map<int, std::vector<int>> multicastForwardingTable; // Group-to-forwarding node mapping
};
Step 4: Set Up a MANET Topology in NED File
To replicate ODMRP, that needs to generate a MANET topology in which nodes can move around and form dynamic multicast groups. Here’s an instance NED file that describes a mobile ad hoc network with various nodes:
network ODMRPMobileNetwork
{
submodules:
mobileNode[10]: WirelessHost { // Create 10 mobile nodes
@display(“p=100,100”);
}
}
In this network:
- mobileNode[10] signify 10 mobile hosts that can join and leave multicast groups enthusiastically. These nodes will execute the ODMRP protocol.
Step 5: Configure MANET Parameters in omnetpp.ini
In the omnetpp.ini file, configure the nodes to emulate a MANET environment that contain mobility and wireless settings. Here’s an instance configuration for simulating ODMRP:
[Config ODMRPMulticastSimulation]
network = ODMRPMobileNetwork
sim-time-limit = 1000s
# Mobility model configuration (random movement of mobile nodes)
*.mobileNode[*].mobility.typename = “RandomWaypointMobility”
*.mobileNode[*].mobility.speed = uniform(1mps, 10mps) # Speed range
*.mobileNode[*].mobility.startPosition = uniform(0m, 1000m)
# Wireless communication settings
*.mobileNode[*].wlan[0].radio.transmitter.communicationRange = 250m # Communication range for wireless nodes
# Multicast protocol settings (ODMRP)
*.mobileNode[*].multicastRouting.typename = “ODMRP”
*.mobileNode[*].multicastRouting.jointTimeout = 5s # Timeout for JOIN messages
*.mobileNode[*].multicastRouting.maintenanceInterval = 10s # Interval for refreshing routes
- Mobility model: RandomWaypointMobility is utilized to replicate the random movement of mobile nodes in a MANET.
- Wireless settings: The communication range is set to 250 meters for wireless connectivity.
Step 6: Implement Route Discovery and Multicast Packet Forwarding
In ODMRP, multicast receivers transmit JOIN requests to multicast sources. When a JOIN request reaches a source, the source replies, and forwarding nodes are introduced.
In your C++ code, you need to implement the following mechanisms:
- JOIN Request: Nodes that need to join a multicast group send a JOIN request to the network. This request is propagated across the network until it influences the multicast source.
- JOIN Reply: When the source receives a JOIN request, it transmits a reply back along the path, introducing forwarding nodes.
- Multicast Data Forwarding: Forwarding nodes are responsible for forwarding multicast data packets to all the nodes in the multicast group.
Example implementation in C++:
void ODMRP::handleJoinRequest(cMessage *msg) {
// Code to handle a JOIN request from a multicast receiver
}
void ODMRP::handleJoinReply(cMessage *msg) {
// Code to handle a JOIN reply from a multicast source
}
void ODMRP::forwardMulticastPacket(cMessage *msg) {
// Code to forward multicast packets through the network
}
Step 7: Simulate Multicast Traffic
To validate the ODMRP protocol, we can replicate multicast traffic among nodes. For instance, we can set up a multicast sender on one node and multicast receivers on other nodes:
# Multicast sender (e.g., mobileNode[0] sends multicast traffic)
*.mobileNode[0].numApps = 1
*.mobileNode[0].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”
*.mobileNode[0].app[0].destAddresses = “multicastGroup1”
*.mobileNode[0].app[0].startTime = 10s
*.mobileNode[0].app[0].sendInterval = exponential(1s)
# Multicast receivers (other nodes join the multicast group)
*.mobileNode[1].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”
*.mobileNode[1].app[0].localPort = 1234 # Listening for multicast data
*.mobileNode[2].app[0].localPort = 1234
Step 8: Run the Simulation
After configuring the NED and INI files, and executing the ODMRP logic, we can execute the simulation:
- Build and compile the project in OMNeT++.
- Run the simulation through the OMNeT++ IDE or command line.
- Observe multicast routing behavior: Utilize the OMNeT++ GUI to envision how multicast packets are forwarded across the network.
Step 9: Analyse Simulation Results
OMNeT++ generates result files (.sca and .vec) that store the simulation parameters. we can evaluate key performance indicators such as:
- Packet delivery ratio: How many multicast packets successfully reach the receivers?
- Routing overhead: How much overhead is created by the route discovery process (JOIN requests and replies).
- Latency: The time taken for multicast data to reach all the receivers.
Step 10: Advanced ODMRP Features
We can improve ODMRP simulation by:
- Mobility Models: Adding different mobility models to replicate more realistic MANET environment.
- Link Failures: Replicating link failures and monitoring on how ODMRP adjust to changes in the network topology.
- QoS Considerations: Executing quality of service (QoS) characteristics in ODMRP to select specific multicast traffic.
Example Enhancements:
- Multi-group Multicasting: Replicate scenarios in which multiple multicast groups coexist in the same network.
- Cross-layer Optimization: Incorporate ODMRP with lower-layer protocols (such as MAC layer) to enhance performance in high mobility conditions.
From the entire manual, we had understand and gain a knowledge on the concepts of On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol using OMNeT++ tool including examples and their explanations which helps to complete the simulation process. Additional specific details regarding the On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol will also be provided.
