To simulate TCP protocol projects in NS3 have includes configuring a simple network topology with nodes, setting up TCP variants, and generating traffic-generating applications that exploit TCP connections. NS3 delivers the support for numerous TCP variants like TCP NewReno, TCP Tahoe, TCP Vegas, TCP Westwood, and others, that can be setting up for different network scenarios.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate TCP protocol projects in NS3.
Steps to Simulate TCP Protocols in NS3
- Install NS3
Ensure that we have NS3 installed.
- Understanding TCP Protocol in NS3
NS3 supports diverse TCP variants. Some common TCP variants are:
- TCP NewReno (default)
- TCP Tahoe
- TCP Vegas
- TCP Westwood
- TCP HighSpeed
- TCP Scalable
We can change the TCP variant utilized by the simulation by configuring attributes in NS3’s TCP socket API.
- Create a Simulation Script
In this sample, we will generate a simple simulation in which nodes interact using the TCP protocol. The setup will include:
- A point-to-point link among two nodes.
- A TCP traffic generator using OnOffApplication and PacketSink.
Example Simulation with TCP NewReno
- Include Necessary Headers
These headers will permit you to configure the network, TCP, applications, and logging.
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
- Create and Install Nodes
Generate two nodes to signify a simple client-server setup.
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create(2); // Create 2 nodes
- Configure Point-to-Point Link
Generate a point-to-point link among the two nodes. Set the bandwidth (data rate) and delay of the link.
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices;
devices = pointToPoint.Install(nodes);
- Install Internet Stack
Install the internet stack (which includes TCP/IP) on both nodes.
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
- Assign IP Addresses
Allocate IP addresses to the point-to-point devices. This will permits the nodes to interact through IP.
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
- Configure TCP Variant
NS3 enable you to change the TCP variant globally by configuring the ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType attribute. Below is an instance of setting TCP NewReno (the default variant), however we can easily switch to other variants.
Config::SetDefault(“ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType”, TypeIdValue(ns3::TcpNewReno::GetTypeId()));
For other TCP variants, we can change TcpNewReno to any of the following:
- TcpTahoe
- TcpVegas
- TcpWestwood
- TcpHighSpeed
- TcpScalable
- Set up TCP Applications (Client-Server)
To replicate TCP traffic, we will utilize the OnOffApplication as the client and PacketSinkApplication as the server.
- Server (Sink Application):
uint16_t port = 8080; // Server listening port
Address sinkAddress(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(1), port)); // Server IP address
PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper(“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress); // TCP packet sink
ApplicationContainer sinkApp = packetSinkHelper.Install(nodes.Get(1)); // Install on server node
sinkApp.Start(Seconds(0.0));
sinkApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Set duration of simulation
- Client (OnOff Application):
OnOffHelper clientHelper(“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress); // TCP client
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“2Mbps”)); // Data rate for the client
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024)); // Packet size
ApplicationContainer clientApp = clientHelper.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Install on client node
clientApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));
clientApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Set duration of simulation
- Monitor Network Performance
To track the performance of the network, we can utilize NS3’s FlowMonitor to monitor throughput, delay, and packet loss.
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();
- Run the Simulation
Set the simulation time, execute the simulation, and then measure the outcomes.
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Run simulation for 20 seconds
Simulator::Run();
monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“tcp-simulation.xml”, true, true); // Save the flow monitor results to an XML file
Simulator::Destroy();
- Example Full Script
Here’s a complete NS3 simulation script for TCP NewReno over a point-to-point link:
#include “ns3/core-module.h”
#include “ns3/network-module.h”
#include “ns3/internet-module.h”
#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”
#include “ns3/applications-module.h”
#include “ns3/flow-monitor-module.h”
using namespace ns3;
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
// Step 1: Create nodes
NodeContainer nodes;
nodes.Create(2); // Create 2 nodes (client and server)
// Step 2: Configure point-to-point link
PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;
pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“5Mbps”));
pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));
NetDeviceContainer devices;
devices = pointToPoint.Install(nodes);
// Step 3: Install internet stack (TCP/IP)
InternetStackHelper stack;
stack.Install(nodes);
// Step 4: Assign IP addresses
Ipv4AddressHelper address;
address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);
Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);
// Step 5: Configure TCP variant (NewReno is default)
Config::SetDefault(“ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType”, TypeIdValue(ns3::TcpNewReno::GetTypeId()));
// Step 6: Set up TCP server (PacketSink)
uint16_t port = 8080; // Server listening port
Address sinkAddress(InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(1), port)); // Server IP address
PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper(“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress);
ApplicationContainer sinkApp = packetSinkHelper.Install(nodes.Get(1)); // Install on server node
sinkApp.Start(Seconds(0.0));
sinkApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Set duration of simulation
// Step 7: Set up TCP client (OnOffApplication)
OnOffHelper clientHelper(“ns3::TcpSocketFactory”, sinkAddress);
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OnTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“OffTime”, StringValue(“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“2Mbps”)); // Data rate
clientHelper.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024)); // Packet size
ApplicationContainer clientApp = clientHelper.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Install on client node
clientApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));
clientApp.Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Set duration of simulation
// Step 8: Monitor performance using FlowMonitor
FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;
Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();
// Step 9: Run the simulation
Simulator::Stop(Seconds(20.0)); // Run simulation for 20 seconds
Simulator::Run();
// Save flow monitor results to an XML file
monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“tcp-simulation.xml”, true, true);
// Clean up and finish the simulation
Simulator::Destroy();
return 0;
}
- Run the Simulation
- Compile and run the script using NS3’s waf build system:
./waf build
./waf –run <your_script_name>
- Analysing Results
- Flow Monitor: The tcp-simulation.xml file created by the flow monitor can be measured for detailed information about throughput, packet loss, delay, etc. we can utilize Python or other tools to parse the XML file.
- PCAP Traces: we can permit packet capture (pcap) to record all packets for evaluation with Wireshark or other network analysis tools:
pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll(“tcp-simulation”); // Save pcap trace for all nodes
- Switching TCP Variants
We can change the TCP variant by configuring the proper socket type using Config::SetDefault(). For example:
- TCP Tahoe:
Config::SetDefault(“ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType”, TypeIdValue(ns3::TcpTahoe::GetTypeId()));
- TCP Vegas:
Config::SetDefault(“ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType”, TypeIdValue(ns3::TcpVegas::GetTypeId()));
We can simulate diverse TCP variants to relate the parameters such as throughput, packet loss, and congestion control behaviour.
In the accessible manual will established the simulation process that supports to implement the TCP protocol and measure their performance NS3 tool. More details will be offered on this TCP protocol in upcoming manual.
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