How to Simulate UAV based VANET Projects Using NS3

To simulate UAV-based VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) projects using NS3, follow these steps We can help you come up with great ideas and topics for your project on simulating UAV-based VANET projects using the NS3 tool at phdprime.com. We have all the necessary resources and tools to support you in your work.

Step-by-Step Implementation

Step 1: Install NS3

First, install NS3 and make sure that the necessary dependencies are installed.

1. Install dependencies:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install g++ python3 python3-pip git cmake

1. Clone and build NS3:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./build.py

1. Validate installation:

./ns3 run scratch/scratch-simulator

Step 2: Configure Mobility Models

To design UAVs and vehicles in VANET, that generates to configure proper mobility models. NS3 deliver several mobility models such as ConstantVelocityMobilityModel for UAVs and RandomWaypointMobilityModel for vehicles.

For UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle):

UAVs usually fly at a particular altitude and follow a trajectory. Here, we can utilize the ConstantVelocityMobilityModel for UAVs.

Ptr<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel> uavMobility = CreateObject<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel> ();

uavMobility->SetPosition(Vector(0.0, 0.0, 100.0));  // UAV starts at 100 meters altitude

uavMobility->SetVelocity(Vector(10.0, 0.0, 0.0));   // UAV moves with a velocity of 10 m/s in the X direction

For Ground Vehicles:

We can utilize a RandomWaypointMobilityModel or ConstantPositionMobilityModel for ground vehicles.

Ptr<RandomWaypointMobilityModel> carMobility = CreateObject<RandomWaypointMobilityModel> ();

carMobility->SetPosition(Vector(10.0, 0.0, 0.0));  // Vehicle starting position

Step 3: Set Up Wireless Communication (802.11p / DSRC)

VANET communication typically uses the 802.11p or DSRC standard.

1. Configure the 802.11p standard for both UAVs and ground vehicles:

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211p);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create ());

NqosWaveMacHelper wifiMac = NqosWaveMacHelper::Default ();

Wifi80211pHelper wifi80211p = Wifi80211pHelper::Default ();

1. Install WiFi on both UAVs and ground vehicles:

wifi80211p.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, nodes);

Step 4: Configure Routing Protocols

Routing protocols such as AODV, OLSR, or DSDV can be utilized in VANETs to route data among UAVs and vehicles.

1. Set up AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) routing:

AodvHelper aodv;

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);  // Set the AODV routing protocol

internet.Install (nodes);         // Install it on UAVs and vehicles

Step 5: Configure Network Applications

To validate communication among UAVs and vehicles, that can utilize UDP or TCP applications.

Example: UAV as a server and vehicle as a client

1. Set up a UDP echo server on the UAV:

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install (uavNode);  // UAV as server

serverApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

1. Configure a UDP echo client on the vehicle:

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (uavNode.GetAddress (0), 9); // Server IP and port

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install (vehicleNode);  // Vehicle as client

clientApp.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

Step 6: Run the Simulation

Now that the mobility models, communication stack, routing protocols, and applications are configured that can execute the simulation.

Simulator::Stop (Seconds (10.0));  // Set simulation time

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

Step 7: Analyse Results

Utilize FlowMonitorHelper to collect parameters such as throughput, packet delivery ratio, etc.

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll ();

Simulator::Run ();

monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“uav-vanet-flowmonitor.xml”, true, true);

Simulator::Destroy ();

We can also utilize NetAnim to envision the mobility and communication among UAVs and vehicles.

Optional: Integration with SUMO

For more realistic vehicle movement, we can incorporate NS3 with SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility). SUMO can deliver real-world traffic patterns, and NS3 can manage network simulation.

Example Simulation Script

Here’s a high-level structure of what the simulation script would look like:

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

// Step 1: Create nodes for UAV and vehicles

NodeContainer uavNode, vehicleNode;

uavNode.Create(1);

vehicleNode.Create(1);

// Step 2: Configure mobility for UAV and vehicles

MobilityHelper mobility;

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator> ();

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (0.0, 0.0, 100.0)); // UAV starting position

positionAlloc->Add (Vector (10.0, 0.0, 0.0));  // Vehicle starting position

mobility.SetPositionAllocator (positionAlloc);

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (uavNode);

uavNode.Get(0)->GetObject<MobilityModel>()->SetVelocity(Vector (10.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // UAV velocity

mobility.SetMobilityModel (“ns3::RandomWaypointMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install (vehicleNode);

// Step 3: Setup WiFi 802.11p and routing protocol

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211p);

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default ();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default ();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create ());

NqosWaveMacHelper wifiMac = NqosWaveMacHelper::Default ();

Wifi80211pHelper wifi80211p = Wifi80211pHelper::Default ();

wifi80211p.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, uavNode);

wifi80211p.Install (wifiPhy, wifiMac, vehicleNode);

AodvHelper aodv;

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);

internet.Install (uavNode);

internet.Install (vehicleNode);

// Step 4: Setup applications (UDP server/client)

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install (uavNode.Get (0));

serverApp.Start (Seconds (1.0));

serverApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (uavNode.Get (0)->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress (1, 0).GetLocal (), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute (“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue (1));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“Interval”, TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install (vehicleNode.Get (0));

clientApp.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApp.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Step 5: Run the simulation

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

return 0;

}

Through this brief procedure, you can get to understand more about the simulation process and their approaches regarding the UAV-based VANET including sample snippets using ns3 tool. We plan to deliver the more information regarding the UAV-based VANET.