How to Simulate V2X Communication Projects Using OMNeT++

To simulate Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication projects using OMNeT++ has usually includes using the integration of frameworks such as INET, VEINS, and possibly SUMO for traffic simulation. V2X has contained communication types such as Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to-Network (V2N), and Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P).

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Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate V2X communication in OMNeT++:

Steps to Simulate V2X Communication Projects Using OMNeT++

  1. Set up OMNeT++ and Required Frameworks
  • OMNeT++: Ensure that we have OMNeT++ installed.
  • INET Framework: INET delivers the network models needed for wireless communication, has Wi-Fi, LTE, 5G, and other protocols.
  • VEINS Framework: VEINS is an OMNeT++ framework intended for vehicular networks. It combined OMNeT++ with SUMO, a traffic simulation tool, to replicate realistic vehicular movement and communication.

Download VEINS from veins.car2x.org.

  • SUMO: Install SUMO to replicate vehicle movements. SUMO can be utilized in tandem with OMNeT++ to manage real-time vehicle mobility.
  1. Integrate OMNeT++ with SUMO
  • Use TraCI (Traffic Control Interface) to allow communication among SUMO and OMNeT++. TraCI allows OMNeT++ to control and track vehicles in SUMO.
  • SUMO manages the vehicle mobility and delivers the location of vehicles that OMNeT++ utilizes to simulate V2X communication.
  1. Define the Network Topology in NED Files

In OMNeT++, we need to describe the network of vehicles and infrastructure like roadside units (RSUs). Here’s a simple NED file for a simple V2X communication scenario:

network V2XNetwork

{

submodules:

car1: VeinsVehicle;

car2: VeinsVehicle;

rsu: RSU; // Roadside Unit for V2I communication

connections:

car1.nic <–> wlan <–> rsu.nic;

car2.nic <–> wlan <–> rsu.nic;

}

  • VeinsVehicle: Signifies a vehicle with communication capabilities.
  • RSU: Roadside Unit that facilitates V2I communication.
  1. Configure SUMO for Mobility
  • Generate a SUMO configuration file (.sumocfg) that describe the traffic scenario, has contain vehicle routes, speeds, and behaviors.
  • Example SUMO network file (.net.xml) can describe the road network, and the routes file (.rou.xml) describes the paths vehicles take.

Example SUMO configuration file:

<configuration>

<input>

<net-file value=”network.net.xml”/>

<route-files value=”routes.rou.xml”/>

</input>

<time>

<begin value=”0″/>

<end value=”1000″/>

</time>

</configuration>

  • network.net.xml: Describes the road network (intersections, lanes, etc.).
  • routes.rou.xml: Specifies the vehicles, their routes, and traffic flow.
  1. Define the Communication Protocols

We can replicate numerous V2X communication types (V2V, V2I, V2N, V2P) using INET’s wireless models, like IEEE 802.11p for vehicular communication.

  • V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle): This is usually simulated using IEEE 802.11p (DSRC) or C-V2X (cellular).
  • V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure): Utilize a roadside unit (RSU) to interact with vehicles using Wi-Fi or LTE.
  • V2N (Vehicle-to-Network): Replicate cellular communication (e.g., 5G) to connect vehicles to the broader network (cloud services).
  • V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian): mimic communication among vehicles and pedestrians carrying mobile devices with wireless communication.
  1. Implement V2X Application Logic in C++

Execute the V2X application logic (e.g., collision avoidance, traffic signal control) in C++ using OMNeT++. For instance, a simple V2V message broadcast could be executed as follows:

void VeinsVehicle::sendV2VMessage() {

cPacket *msg = new cPacket(“V2VMessage”);

msg->setKind(V2V_MESSAGE);

send(msg, “wlanOut”);

}

void VeinsVehicle::handleMessage(cMessage *msg) {

if (msg->getKind() == V2V_MESSAGE) {

EV << “Received V2V message\n”;

}

delete msg;

}

  • sendV2VMessage(): Sends a message to other vehicles.
  • handleMessage(): Manage the reception of V2V messages.
  1. Configure Simulation Parameters in the INI File

The .ini file will set up the simulation runtime, the vehicle parameters, and communication settings. Example .ini configuration:

network = V2XNetwork

sim-time-limit = 1000s

# Configure V2V communication

*.car1.wlan.txPower = 20mW

*.car1.wlan.channel = 11

*.car2.wlan.txPower = 20mW

*.car2.wlan.channel = 11

# Mobility configuration

*.car1.mobilityType = “SUMOMobility”

*.car2.mobilityType = “SUMOMobility”

  • txPower: Transmission power of the wireless module in the vehicles.
  • SUMOMobility: particularly that vehicle mobility is controlled by SUMO using TraCI.
  1. Run the Simulation
  • Build the project: In OMNeT++, click on Project > Build All.
  • Run SUMO: Start the SUMO simulation separately or through TraCI.
  • Run OMNeT++: choose the project and execute the simulation by clicking Run Configurations. The vehicles will communicate with each other (V2V) and with the RSUs (V2I) as they move.
  1. Analyse Results

After the simulation, evaluate the V2X communication performance using:

  • Scalar and Vector Results: OMNeT++ creates scalar and vector files that contain parameters such as packet delivery ratio, delay, throughput, and more.
  • Plove: A built-in tool to envision performance metrics.
  • Custom Analysis: Export the outcomes to tools such as MATLAB or Python for more advanced evaluation.

Important performance parameters involve:

  • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Percentage of successfully delivered messages.
  • Latency: Time taken for messages to travel among vehicles and infrastructure.
  • Throughput: Amount of data transmitted per second.
  • Handover Performance: For V2N, measure on how handovers among cellular towers are managed.
  1. Advanced V2X Scenarios

For more complex V2X projects, consider adding:

  • Multi-hop V2V Communication: Vehicles relay messages to prolong communication range.
  • Collision Avoidance: Deploy the algorithms for warning drivers of potential collisions in terms of real-time communication.
  • Traffic Signal Control via V2I: RSUs control traffic lights dynamically based on real-time V2I communication with vehicles.
  • 5G NR V2X: Replicate cellular-based communication using 5G for V2X, specifically for V2N scenarios.
  • Security and Privacy: Apply secures communication protocols (e.g., message authentication) for V2X.

Example Project Ideas for V2X Communication:

  • Collision Avoidance System: Replicate a system in which vehicles communicate to prevent collisions at intersections.
  • Platooning: Deploy vehicle platooning in which multiple vehicles communicate and maintain synchronized speeds and distances.
  • Traffic Management System: Mimic a system in which RSUs communicate with vehicles to enhance traffic flow and minimize congestion.
  • Emergency Vehicle Priority: Execute V2X-based priority mechanisms for emergency vehicles at intersections.
  • V2N Communication via 5G: Replicate V2N communication using 5G networks and measures its handover performance.

In this setup, we collects the innovative information regarding the Vehicle-to-Everything that has simulation procedure and advanced project idea were delivered to performed in OMNeT++ tool. We design to deliver the more data regarding this process in further setup

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