To simulate Wireless LANs (WLANs) using NS2 has needs to generate a network of wireless nodes that interact by using the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol that is the standard protocol for Wi-Fi networks. NS2 delivered built-in support for replicating numerous aspects of WLANs, like access points, wireless stations, mobility, and communication among devices.
Get customized Wireless LANs Projects simulation results from phdprime.com. Contact us for new support; we provide the greatest topic aid.For your projects, WE also use the IEEE 802.11 MAC standard.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate a Wireless LAN project using NS2:
Steps to Simulate Wireless LANs Projects in NS2
- Install NS2
Make sure NS2 is installed on the system. We can install it using the following command:
sudo apt-get install ns2
- Key Components in a WLAN Simulation
- Access Points (AP): These are fixed nodes that perform as the central hub for wireless communication.
- Wireless Stations (STAs): These are mobile or fixed nodes that interact with the access point.
- MAC Protocol: The 802.11 protocol is utilized for handling access to the wireless channel.
- Traffic Patterns: Replicate traffic among stations and the access point or between stations directly.
- Mobility: Describe movement of wireless stations if needed.
- Design the WLAN Network Topology
The topology should contain one or more access points and multiple stations (wireless nodes). Stations interact with each other via the access point or directly in ad-hoc mode.
- TCL Script for WLAN Simulation
4.1 Define Nodes and Links
In a basic WLAN, the access point and wireless stations are generated as nodes that interact using wireless links.
# Create a simulator object
set ns [new Simulator]
# Open trace and NAM files
set tracefile [open “wlan_network.tr” w]
$ns trace-all $tracefile
set namfile [open “wlan_network.nam” w]
$ns namtrace-all $namfile
# Define simulation parameters
set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# Wireless channel for communication
set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# Propagation model for wireless communication
set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC protocol (802.11 for Wi-Fi)
set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# Interface queue
set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# Queue length
set val(ll) LL ;# Link layer
set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# Omni-directional antenna
set val(x) 500 ;# X dimension of the area
set val(y) 500 ;# Y dimension of the area
# Node configuration for wireless LAN
$ns node-config -adhocRouting DSDV \
-llType $val(ll) \
-macType $val(mac) \
-ifqType $val(ifq) \
-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \
-antType $val(ant) \
-propType $val(prop) \
-channelType $val(chan)
# Create nodes for access point and stations
set access_point [$ns node]
set station1 [$ns node]
set station2 [$ns node]
set station3 [$ns node]
# Set positions for the access point and stations
$access_point set X_ 250
$access_point set Y_ 250
$access_point set Z_ 0.0
$station1 set X_ 100
$station1 set Y_ 200
$station1 set Z_ 0.0
$station2 set X_ 300
$station2 set Y_ 200
$station2 set Z_ 0.0
$station3 set X_ 400
$station3 set Y_ 250
$station3 set Z_ 0.0
- Configure Traffic Patterns
We can describe TCP or UDP traffic among the stations and the access point, or directly among the stations.
5.1 TCP Traffic for File Transfer
Replicate file transfers among stations using TCP that is appropriate for reliable communication.
# TCP agent for communication between station1 and station2 via access point
set tcp_station1 [new Agent/TCP]
$ns attach-agent $station1 $tcp_station1
# TCP sink at station2
set tcp_sink_station2 [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $station2 $tcp_sink_station2
# Connect TCP agent to the sink
$ns connect $tcp_station1 $tcp_sink_station2
# Define application traffic (e.g., file transfer)
set app_station1 [new Application/Traffic/FTP]
$app_station1 attach-agent $tcp_station1
$ns at 1.0 “$app_station1 start”
5.2 UDP Traffic for Real-Time Data
Replicate real-time data exchange among stations using UDP, that is appropriate for applications such as video streaming or voice communication.
# UDP agent for real-time data between station2 and station3
set udp_station2 [new Agent/UDP]
$ns attach-agent $station2 $udp_station2
# UDP sink at station3
set udp_sink_station3 [new Agent/Null]
$ns attach-agent $station3 $udp_sink_station3
# Connect UDP agent to sink
$ns connect $udp_station2 $udp_sink_station3
# Define application traffic (e.g., real-time data streaming)
set app_station2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$app_station2 attach-agent $udp_station2
$app_station2 set packetSize_ 512
$app_station2 set interval_ 0.05
$ns at 1.5 “$app_station2 start”
- Mobility Configuration
If the stations are mobile, we can describe their movement in the simulation area.
# Define mobility for station1 and station2
$ns at 2.0 “$station1 setdest 400 400 10.0”
$ns at 3.0 “$station2 setdest 100 300 15.0”
- Run the Simulation
Once the nodes, links, and traffic patterns are defined, process the simulation:
ns wlan_network.tcl
- Visualize the Simulation
Utilize NAM (Network Animator) to envision the WLAN simulation:
nam wlan_network.nam
- Analyse Simulation Results
After the simulation done, evaluate the trace file (wlan_network.tr) for parameters such as:
- Throughput: The amount of data successfully routed.
- Packet Loss: The number of packets lost in the course of transmission.
- Delay: The end-to-end delay experienced by packets.
- Collision Rate: The number of collisions in the wireless medium.
We can utilize AWK, Python, or Perl scripts to extract and measure these parameters from the trace file.
- Enhancing the WLAN Simulation
10.1 Multi-Channel WLAN Simulation
To replicate multiple channels in a WLAN, we can allocate different frequency channels to different stations or access points.
10.2 Security Features
We can replicate security protocols such as WPA2 by adding layers that encode and decode traffic.
10.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
Execute Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms to select the specific kinds of traffic, like real-time data, over regular file transfers.
From this demonstration, we deliver the basic process for wireless LANs project that includes installation procedure, evaluation and visualized the outcomes using ns2 analysis tool. Further specific details will be added later.
