Wireless Sensor Networking (WSN) is one of the main branches of the networking domain that is used to sense, collect, and forward the data from the sensors to the destination or among the sensor nodes for further processing. It provides communication without any help from a wired source or devices. The sensor elements presented in the network emits signals directing the network to function accordingly. “This article is mainly focused on the advantages of WSN and the elements used in evaluating the functions of wireless sensors. Through this article, you know our capability and experience in the relevant field for presenting the wireless sensor networks research topics.”
“WSN is the core of Network system that is able to emit signals that related to the environmental events”
INTRODUCTION OF WSN
Before focusing on the research point of view, let us give you an overview summary of the WSN and its common usages in real-time scenarios.
- WSN enabled with the capability of self-organization as it has the algorithms and protocols in it.
- WSN are provided with the method of ad hoc distributing sensors
- The sensors of WSN are able to produce better results by tracing the changes of external occurrence and collecting information
WSN is the improving sub-domain of networking, which suits the recent trends of environmental development and due to its wireless feature, it can undergo any terrestrial surface for element detection. The sensor type enables the network to function irresistibly. The sensors inside the WSN consist of thousand of small nodes. Those sensors are useful in sensing the temperature, sound, position, vibration, stress, weight, humidity pressure, etc.
Wireless Sensor networks are suits for some real-time applications as discussed above. As a matter of fact, the sensors of WSN are featured with limited computations. In this case, the WSN can be implemented in some general applications like smart objects, smart cities, environmental and industrial monitoring and with its limited wireless capabilities, it can be applied in animal and object tracking, security and defense, and also in health care applications. The following are the limitations needed to structure an innovative Wireless Sensor Networks Research Topics.
Limitations of WSN
- Risk survival in harsh environments
- Massive sensor nodes scalability
- Probability of node catastrophe
- Noisy measurements
- Facing frequent errors
- Increased errors and low bandwidth
- Poor energy competence
- Inadequate computation and storage
The real-time limitations are quite high in WSN but we are able to solve these issues in project service in order to provide accurate result analysis with our tools and our best features in WSN are follows
How we support WSN Projects
- Equipped with WSN simulation models
- Sensor data visualization
- Programing software and applications
- Evaluating performance and modeling
- Software and middleware tools
- Network, embedded-based OS
- Sensor structuring aspects in hardware
- Implementations and deployment
- Algorithms, structures, and protocols
We are enabled with the above mechanisms to make your research more effective and accurate and you can parallel the scopes of the WSN with the real-time scenario. Here we provide you with the essential mechanisms useful to choose your Wireless Sensor Networks research topics.
What are the components of WSN?
- Gateway
- Base station
- Actor node
- Relay node
- Sensor node
These are the types of components generally presented in the WSN. Apart from those fundamental components, let’s see what are things can be done with the help of these components in WSN.
Purpose of WSN
- Watching both objects and area
- Sensor interactions for data collection
- Establishing links according to the energy requirements
- Sensing various external reactions
These are the generalized purposes of Wireless Sensor Networks. However, the Wireless Sensor Networks are implemented in real-time requirements so it became acquainted with people in smartphones, watches, and other appliances. The WSN can also be used to gain the highest reliability, throughput, and power saving in the systems of sensors technology, hardware implementation, OS, and in-network architecture. Here are the various characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks
Characteristics of WSN
- WSN can handle frequent configuration as it needs self-healing and self-organization, even it is deployed in an ad hoc way.
- WSN has the probability for adversary attacks if they are deployed in severe atmospheres
- WSN is enabled with the sensors of
- Energy Limitations
- Low Power
- Constrained Memory
The above-mentioned points are the characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks. Due to their capacity of connecting thousands of nodes inside its small structure, the WSN is qualified to apply for the real-time scenario. Let’s have a look at how the sensor network differs.
How do sensor networks differ?
- Infrastructure support: The base station is the confidential structure here
- Limited resources: contains limited sensor nodes on resource-based
- Mobility constraint: consists of static sensor nodes, low dynamicity compared with ad hoc mobile computer network
- Communication patterns: sensors to the base station and vice-versa
By the above categories, the sensor network differs from each other. It varies on the features, capacity, and power consumption. The sensor network can be differing by the terms even. You must aware of all the things before stepping into the Wireless Sensor Networks research topics. Here’s the terminology of WSN
Terminology of Wireless Sensor Networks
- Inputs / Actions for Sensor Nodes: Includes external battery support, sensing, and communication range, sampling frequency, length of the packet, hops to destination, local battery power, residual energy of the nodes, transmit frequency, power, etc.
- Constraints of Sensor Nodes: QoS constraints, distance, coverage, topology, network connectivity, transmit energy, end-to-end delay, cost, latency, etc.
- Objectives of Sensor Nodes: Maximized in throughput, link quality, network lifetime, reliability, spectrum utilization and minimized in cost, interference, packet error rate, and unbalanced energy consumption
- Outcomes / Result of Sensor nodes: Optimized in cost, delay, packet error rate, location and number of sensors, scheduling, power transmission, QoS, fairness, reliability, etc.
The above terms are closely related to the WSN and getting familiar with these terms may help you in conducting research in the relevant field and it also helps to select your Wireless Sensor Networks research topics. Let’s see some of the research issues identified by our project developers as listed below.
Research Issues of WSN
- Real-time computation
- It is because the WSN must provide instant results as the data made often
- Low Network Lifetime
- It has become an issue as the network lifetime is reduced because the WSN consumes more resources and power.
- Sensor Utilization
- The sensors must be enabled with low energy consumption and maximized functions
- Large-scale synchronization
- The sensors in WSN are yet to coordinate for effective outcomes
- Low Bandwidth communication
- The sensors must transmit the data effectively
- Distributed processing
- The transmission occurs on various nodes so the algorithms are yet to be integrated.
- Heterogeneity
- The WSN mechanisms are deployed on the basis of their versatility and such devices are yet to cooperate with others.
Thus these are the major research issues that are remained unsolved and unexplored by the researchers. Research must be a process of rediscovering something new by using the existing sources. We help you in all parts of research under WSN. Now, let us discuss the network lifetime and energy management schemes in WSN because these two operations are essential to achieving the objectives of WSN.
Energy Management in WSN
The energy utilization in WSN is considered a research issue that received a lot of researchers’ consideration. As this energy utilization extends the lifetime of the network, it lengthens the time period of the operational process. Thus through the energy utilization process, we can transfer a large amount of data. And it improves the faultless operation in WSN, which has limited battery power. Here’s the sectional wise process of energy utilization
- Harvesting of energy
- Energy neutral operation
- Energy storage
- Harvesting
- Energy source
- Charging or Transferring energy
- Energy transfer and joint information
- Charging techniques
- Energy transferring tools
- Wireless energy transfer technologies
- Efficiency of energy
- Data prediction
- Data compression
- Data reduction
- Radio optimization
Network Lifetime Management in WSN
Another important use of energy utilization is it complements the network traffic among the sensor nodes which decreases the network lifetime. Actually the WSN has the mobile sink in a limited path, so the connection time varies among the sensor nodes and the mobile sink and it makes the sensor node to receive varying transmission rate. Let’s take a look at the WSN network lifetime maximization.
What are all the network maximization techniques in WSN?
- Beamforming
- Energy Harvesting
- Data correlation
- Network Coding/data collection
- Optimal deployment
- Mobile Sinks and Relays
- Clustering and Routing
- Opportunistic Transmission Scheme
- Cross-layer design-based Resource Allocation
The above mentioned are the general techniques used in Wireless Sensor Networks to extend the lifetime of the network for effective data transmissions and increase the functions of the sensor nodes. Here our research developers have come up with their suggestions of Wireless Sensor Networks research topics. Let’s take a look at some real-time applications that uses the WSN
Real-Time Applications of WSN
- Industrial Applications
- Inspecting plant equipment maintenance
- Tracing customers and limiting thefts
- Reports the problem automatically
- Tracing the parts in the progression
- Inventory tracking and conditioning the agricultural crops
- Traffic management and monitoring
The automobiles enabled with WSN can
- Deal accidents
- Constrain thefts
The roads enabled with WSN sensors are able to
- Update the real-time routes
- Observe the traffic flow
- Medical and biomedical applications
- Hospital sensors
- Main symptoms monitoring
- Anomaly recording
- Chronic diseases
- Cochlear implants
- Artificial retina
- Health monitors
- Cancer detection
- Heart rate
- Measuring glucose
The uses of WSN are increasing in real-time applications as our world updates enough to embrace technology. The above-mentioned sectors are essential portions of our life and by implementing the WSN, the technology attempts to approach us directly.
Latest Wireless Sensor Networks Research Topics
- Devices and circuits for wireless sensors
- Issues of security and dependability
- Wireless Sensor Networks MAC protocols
- Location management placement and energy optimization
- WSN scalability, and energy management
- QoS, fault tolerance, services, and resource allocation on sensors
- Systems and underwater sensors
- Information and data allocation
These are the research topics of WSN on-trend. And these topics are yet to be researched and the above-given topics are just taken from our sample to display. Other than that, we are enriched with many more PhD research topics in the relevant field. Here’s the result analysis of the WSN done by our effective simulators following the importance of simulation tools of WSN.
WSN specific simulation tools
Simulation tools in general are used to evaluate the energy efficiency of any network. For WSN, there are some simulation environments like radio chips or sensors supporting WSN. As a matter of fact, that also supports the native binary images of native platforms. The previous simulator emulates the hardware of Wireless Sensor Networks platforms and they are able to read the binary code and the second one collects the WSN code of the simulation process. Here is the list of our fines simulation/emulation tools’ performance on WSN.
- Avrora
- Type:Simulator
- Description:able to save more establishing time and it supports thousand nodes simulation
- ATEMU
- Types:Emulator
- Description:able to emulate both heterogeneous and homogeneous networks, emulates radio channels and power usage
- J-Sim
- Types:Simulator
- Description:able to simulate more than 500 nodes, and takes much time for execution
- OMNet++
- Types:Simulator
- Description:able to support many localized protocols in WSN and MAC, simulate more power consumptions and constraints available protocols
- EmStar
- Types:Emulator
- Description:Functions on real-time simulations and applicable to iPAQ-class sensor nodes and MICA2 motes and it is able to support a large number of sensor simulation
- TOSSIM
- Types:Emulator
- Description:supports thousands of simulation nodes, and is able to emulate homogeneous applications, radio models, and code executions
- NS-2
- Types:Simulator
- Description:able to simulate 100 nodes
The above metrics are performed by our best simulation and emulation tools. Along with that, we provide you with the essential components of WSN to help your projects and we are having more simulating and emulating modules than we display.
Apart from the project service, we help you with other assignments or homework help and our networking engineers are experts in applying the WSN in Multimedia Sensor Networks, Social Sensor Networks, Underwater Sensor Network, and Wireless Body Area Networks. So that they can provide you with practical explanations in order to enable your flow in your project presentations. Working on your research wireless sensor networks research topics with us will provide you with an exciting experience towards your subject, so clutch this opportunity to hold our hands.